Wednesday, August 14, 2024

First admission September 2022, 20F with Lupus deidentified Horcrux EMR

 September 27, 2022

Intern 2016 batch 

This is an E log book to discuss our patient's de-identified health data shared after taking his guardian's signed informed consent. Here we discuss our individual patient problems through series of inputs from available global online community of experts with an aim to solve those patient's clinical problems with collective current best evidence based inputs. This e-log book also reflects my patient centered online learning portfolio and your valuable comments in comment box are most welcomed 

I have been given this case to solve in an attempt to understand the topic of "Patient clinical data analysis" to develop my competency i reading and comprehending clinical data including history, clinical findings, investigations and come up with a diagnosis and treatment plan

Presentation 

20 year female came to casualty with chief complaints of 

-Hyperpigmented macules since 15 days

-b/l pedal edema since 15 days 

Fever 15 days back

-abdominal distension since 8 days 

-cough(dry) since 7 days 

-Sore throat since 7 days 

-decreased appetite since 7 days 

-decreased urine output since 3 days 

-constipation since 3 days 

-SOB since 5 days

HOPI 

20 year old female came with c/o of b/l pitting type pedal edema extending till knees since 15 days to which she got medical health checkup and prescribed some medication (unknown) then her pedal edema got resolved along with fever she developed Hyperpigmented macules on face later they stopped medications after 2 days she again had a complaints of b/l pedal edema  and fever abdominal distension associated with dry cough and decreased appetite she also has a complaints of DECREASED urine output and constipation since 3 days passing stools once in 3 to 4 days  

N/k/c/o HTN DM THYROID DISORDER CAD EPILEPSY TB












Personal history: 

Mixed diet 

Appetite lost 

Non veg diet 

Bowel and bladder movements are decreased 

Family history :

No significant family history 

O/E :

Pt was c/c/c 

On admission vitals are 

Bp 110/70 

PR 79 

RR 19 

Temp 98.8 


CVS- apex beat replaced laterally palpable thrills and s1 s2 heard mild s3

RS - BAE decreased rt infra scapular crepts present

P/a umblicus is everted

CNS 

MMSE 



Investigations:



30/9/22 




28/09/22


Pleural tap


Cerebral infarcts 














ANA PROFILE





28/9/22
ICU BED NO. 2
B/l pedal edema SOB 
Fever spikes 
O
Pt c/c/c 
Bp - 120/70 
PR - 142 
RR- 29
Temp-99.5
Spo2 - 94 at room air 
A
Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis..??
IGA nephropathy..??
Infective endocarditis..??
P
1)INJ Augmentin 1.2gm iv BD
2)INJ lasix 40mg iv BD
3) NEB Duolin, Budocort 6th hourly
4) INJ neomol 1gm/iv/sos
5) TAB Azithromycin 500mg po bd 
6) Betadine gargles tid

29/9/22

ICU BED NO. 2

B/l pedal edema SOB 

Fever spikes 

O

Pt c/c/c 

Bp - 120/70 

PR - 142 

RR- 29

Temp-99.5

Spo2 - 94 at room air 

A

Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis..??

IGA nephropathy..??

Infective endocarditis..??

P

1)INJ Augmentin 1.2gm iv BD

2)INJ lasix 40mg iv BD

3) NEB Duolin, Budocort 6th hourly

4) INJ neomol 1gm/iv/sos

5) TAB Azithromycin 500mg po bd 

6) Betadine gargles tid 

30/9/22

ICU BED NO. 2

Fever spikes +

Stools not passed 

O

Pt c/c/c 

Bp - 1110/70 

PR - 128

RR- 29

Temp-100.6

Spo2 - 94 at room air 

A

Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis..??

IGA nephropathy..??

Infective endocarditis..??

Polyserositis 2' to SLE

P

1)INJ Augmentin 1.2gm iv BD

2)INJ lasix 40mg iv BD

3) NEB Duolin, Budocort 6th hourly

4) INJ neomol 1gm/iv/sos

5) tab prednisolone 50mg po bd 

6) Betadine gargles tid

7) inj pan 40 mg iv bd 

1/10/22

ICU BED NO. 2

B/l pedal edema subsided

COUGH +

O

Pt c/c/c 

Bp - 110/70 

PR - 125

RR- 29

Temp-98.6

Spo2 - 94 at room air 

A

Falreup of SLE 

infective endocarditis

Drug induced 

P

1)INJ CEFTRIAXONE 1GM IV BD

2)INJ PAN 40 MG IV OD 

3) INJ LASIX 40 MG IV BD 

4) INJ DERIPHYLLIN 100MG IV BD 

5) INJ NEOMOL 1GM IV SOS 

6) TAB PREDNISOLONE 50 MG PO BD

7) NEB BUDECORT 12TH HOURLY



2/10/22

ICU BED NO. 2

Action tremors +

FEVER SPIKES +

O

Pt c/c/c 

Bp - 120/70 

PR - 101

RR- 22

Temp-99.5

Spo2 - 94 at room air 

A

FLARE UP SLE WITH 

LUPUS NEPHRITIS 

CNS LUPUS VASCULITIS 

P

1) Iv fluids NS @30ml/hr 

2) inj methyl Prednisone 750mg in 100ml NS IV OD 

3) INJ. CEFTRIAXONE 1GM IV/BD

4) INJ. PAN 40 MG IV/OD

5) INJ. LASIX 40 MG IV OD

6) INJ.NEOMOL 1GM IV/SOS

7) INJ. DERIPHYLLIN 100MG IV/BD

8) INJ. TRAMADOL 100MG IN 100 ML NS IV/BD 

9) TAB HCQ 200 MG PO/OD

10) TAB. PREDNISOLONE 30MG/PO/BD

11) TAB. DOLO 650 MG PO/TID

12) NEB . BUDECORT P/N 12TH HRLY

13) BP, PR, TEMP, 4TH HRLY CHARTING 


3/10/22

ICU BED NO. 2

B/l pedal edema subsided

COUGH +


Pt c/c/c 

Bp - 110/70 

PR - 125

RR- 29

Temp-98.6

Spo2 - 94 at room air 

A

Falreup of SLE 

LUPUS NEPHRITIS

CNS vasculitis 

P

1)INJ CEFTRIAXONE 1GM IV BD

2)INJ PAN 40 MG IV OD 

3) INJ LASIX 40 MG IV BD 

4) INJ DERIPHYLLIN 100MG IV BD 

5) INJ NEOMOL 1GM IV SOS 

6) TAB PREDNISOLONE 50 MG PO BD

7) NEB BUDECORT 12TH HOURLYSolved 

8) IV fluids NS @50 ml/hr 

9) inj methyl Prednisone IV OD 

10) tab hcq200mg po od 

11) oint t bact l/a bd 

12) neosporin powder for l/a 

4/10/22

ICU BED NO. 2

B/l pedal edema subsided

COUGH +


Pt c/c/c 

Bp - 110/70 

PR - 125

RR- 29

Temp-98.6

Spo2 - 94 at room air 

A

Falreup of SLE 

LUPUS NEPHRITIS

CNS vasculitis 

P

1)INJ CEFTRIAXONE 1GM IV BD

2)INJ PAN 40 MG IV OD 

3) INJ LASIX 40 MG IV BD 

4) INJ DERIPHYLLIN 100MG IV BD 

5) INJ NEOMOL 1GM IV SOS 

6) TAB PREDNISOLONE 50 MG PO BD

7) NEB BUDECORT 12TH HOURLYSolved 

8) IV fluids NS @50 ml/hr 

9) inj methyl Prednisone IV OD 

10) tab hcq200mg po od 

11) oint  t bact l/a bd 

12) neosporin powder for l/a

08/10/22


No fever spikes 


Pt c/c/c 

Bp - 120/90 

PR - 74 

RR- 16

Temp-98

Spo2 - 98 at room air 

A

Falreup of SLE 

LUPUS NEPHRITIS

CNS vasculitis 

P

1)TAB. PAN 40 MG PO OD 

2)TAB. MCQ 200MG/PO/OD

3) TAB PREDNISOLONE 20 MG PO BD

4) TAB. AZORAN 50 MG PO BD 

5) TAB. WARFARIN 5MG PO OD 

6) TAB. WARFARIN 5MG PO OD 

6) SYP. DULPHALAC 15 ML / PO/ TID 

7) OINT - T - BACT L/A BD 

8) CEBHYDRA LOTION L/A BD 

9) NEOSPORIN POWDER L/A







Discussion around the patient
1. Supranuclear bulbar paralysis, a rather more accurate term, is due to an upper motor lesion caused by bilateral disturbance of the corticobulbar tracts. The corticobulbar tracts exert supranuclear control over brainstem motor nuclei and are involved in the muscular movement of the head and neck. They originate from pyramidal cells (Betz cells) in the motor cortex and terminate at cranial nerve nuclei within the brainstem. These nuclei control mastication, deglutition, and speech. Pseudobulbar palsy is characterized by dysarthria, dysphagia, facial and tongue weakness, and emotional lability.[1][2] Any condition which damages bilateral corticobulbar pathways can cause pseudobulbar palsy.
Many pathological conditions can lead to pseudobulbar palsy. These include traumatic brain injury, neoplasm, vascular lesions, metabolic abnormality, or neurological disease. Pseudobulbar palsy is one of the severe complications of cerebrovascular diseases.[2][3]
Rare causes : 
Central pontine myelinolysis
Methotrexate
B/L thalamic infarcts
Neurocysticercosis
PML
Cerebral malaria
Bacterial Endocarditis

Loss of cerebellar modulation (cortico-pontocerebellar pathways) causing emotional dysmetria and disinhibition owing to lesions of corticobulbar volitional pathways are the main pathogenesis explained for pseudobulbar apathy
5. The sequelae reported after viral encephalitis can involve cognitive impairments, motor dysfunction, and epilepsy.Studies of patients who had been diagnosed with viral encephalitis due to HSE have demonstrated sequelae such as speech disorders, memory, and cognitive impairment, personality disorders, and epilepsy (Sellner and Trinka, 2012; Fruchter et al., 2015; Klein et al., 2017). It is vital to notice that the development of epilepsy has been reported 8 years after the onset of the encephalitis, and in nearly 60% of the patients infected with HSV(Sellner and Trinka, 2012; Bonello et al., 2015).









Brisk jaw jerk in pseudobulbar palsy


Glucocorticoid in SLE

"The activation of the non-genomic pathway starts at doses >100 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent. This pathway is especially sensitive to methylprednisolone (MP) and dexamethasone, which have non-genomic effects up to five times more potent than genomic ones [8]. "

We'll change to Methylpred sir?


"The “classical” standard 1 mg/kg/day prednisone dose is not supported by either basic pharmacology or clinical evidence (Figure 1) [19,20]. It is unlikely that anti-inflammatory effects increase significantly after prednisone doses have reached 30–40 mg/day, since such doses already result in a saturation of almost 100% of the genomic pathway [12,19]. Recent data suggest that higher initial doses of prednisone are associated with higher cumulative doses [21] with the well proven result of increasing damage accrual [1,22,23,24,25]. "

Have to I guess.

"The “Rituxilup” schedule, which consisted of rituximab and MP, followed by maintenance treatment with mycophenolate mofetil and no oral steroids, resulted in 72% of patients with LN class III, IV, or V eventually achieving complete remission within a median period of 36 weeks [32]. "

"In 2018, Danza et al. compared the efficacy and rates of infections among patients with several autoimmune conditions, including SLE, treated with MP pulses, for a total dose over three days ≤1500 mg, <1500 to ≤3000 mg and >3000 mg [19]. No differences among the different doses were seen in patients achieving complete response, partial response, or no response. No patients in the ≤1500 mg group suffered infections, vs. 9.1% in the high dose group. " 

Or dexa if there are affordability constraints. 

Unfortunately there aren't many trials with dexa comparing this cheaper alternative with expensive MP



First admission discharge summary

Age/Gender : 21 Years/Female
Address :
Discharge Type: Relieved
Admission Date: 27/09/2022 04:57 PM
Diagnosis
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS WITH GLOMERULONEPHRITIC FLARE UP OF LUPUS NEPHRITIS ?CATASTROPHIC APLA SECONDARY TO SLE [LIBMAN SACKS ENDOCARDITIS
,CNS THROMBO EMBOLISM, AND RENAL FAILURE]
Case History and Clinical Findings
20 YR OLD FEMALE CAME ITH C/O B/L PEDAL EDEMA SINCE 15 DAYS HYPERPIGMENTED MACULES SINCE 15 DAYS
FEVER SINCE 15 DAYS
ABDOMINAL DISTENSION SINCE 8 DAYS DRY COUGH SINCE 7 DAYS
SORE THROAT SINCE 7 DAYS DECREASED APPETITE SINCE 7 DAYS SOB SINCE 5 DAYS
DECREASED URINE OUTPUT SINCE 3 DAYS CONSTIPATION SINCE 3 DAYS
HOPI -20 YEAR OLD FEMALE CAME WITH C/O OF B/L PEDAL EDEMA EXTENDING TILL THE KNEES PITTING TYPE SINCE 15DAYS
 

FOR WHICH SHE GOT MEDICAL HEALTH CHECKUP AND PRESCRIBED SOME MEDICATION [UNKNOWN] THEN HER PEDAL EDEMA GOT RESOLVED ALNG WITH FEVER SHE DEVELOPED HYPER PIGMENTED MACULES ON FACE LATER THEY STOPPED MEDICATIONS AFTER 2 DAYS SHE AGAIN HAD A COMPLAINT OF B/L PEDAL EDEMA AND FEVER ABDOMINAL DISTENSION ASSOCIATED WITH DRY COUGH AND DECREASED APPETITE SHE ALSO HAS COMPLAINTS OF DECREASED URINE OUTPUT AND CONSTIPATION SINCE 3 DAYS
PASSING STOOLS ONCE IN 3-4 DAYS N/K/C/O HTN DM THYROID CAD EPILEPSY TB

PERSONAL HISTORY DIET MIXED APPETITE LOST
BOWEL AND BLADDER MOVEMENTS DECREASED


FAMILY HISTORY NOT SIGNIFICNT

O/E-
PT WAS C/C/C
ON ADMISSION VITALS BP 110/70 MMHG
PR-79 BPM RR-19 CPM TEMP -98.8 F
CVS- APEX BEAT DISPLACED LATERALLY PALPABLE THRILL IN MITRAL AREA
LOUD S2 HEARD IN ALL AREAS NO S3 HEARD
PAN SYSTOLIC MURMUR AT MITRAL AREA


RS-
BAE DECREASED
RT INFRA SCAPULAR CREPTS PRESENT P/A-
 

SOFT NON TENDER WITH EMBILICUS NORMAL SHAPE AND INVERTED XIPHI UMBILICAL LENGTH 15 CM
UMBILICO PUBIC LENGTH 12 CM
ON PALPATION NO ORGANOMEGALY


CNS -B/L UPPER LIMB AND LOWER LIMB
HYPER TONIA WITH EXAGERATED DTR ,ABSENT ANKLE REFLEX PATELLAR CLONUS-
RT SIDE 4+
LT SIDE 3+
MOTOR POWER- 4/5 4/5
4/5 4/5


1/10/22
MMSE - DONE ON 1/10/22 ORIENTATION -
ORIENTED TO DAY,MONTH ,SEASON ,DATE -2 FLOOR ,HOSPITAL,DISTRICT,STATE ,COUNTRY-4 RECALL-2/3
ATTENTION AND CALCULATION-3/4 LANGUAGE -2 OBJECTS-2 SENTENCE-1
3 STAGE COMMAND -3 READING CLOSE YOUR EYES WRITING A SENTENCE -0

MODERATE COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT COURSE IN HOSPITAL
28/09/22-
NEPHRO REFERAL I/V/O ELEVATED RENAL PARAMETERS AND ANASARCA
REFERAL NOTES-LVTS-,OBSTRUCTION -,HEMATURIA-,PYURIA-,YELLOWIS DISCOLORATION-
,NSAID ABUSE -,NATIVE MEDICATION - ADVICED TO CONTINUE THE SAME TREATMENT 28/09/22-
 

PULMO REFERAL I/V/O WHEEZE ,XRAY CHANGES [BL PLEURAL EFFUSION] ADVICED -INJ AUGMENTIN 1.2 GM IV/TID
INJ.LASIX 40 MG IV/BD NED DUOLIN
BUDECORT 6TH HOURLY IMJ NEOMOL 1GM IV/SOS BETADINE GARGLING TAB AZITHROMYCIN

GENERAL SURGERY REFERAL I/V/O BED SORE [1/10/22]
LE- TWO SMALL ULCERS NOTED EITHER SIDE OF INTERGLUTEAL CLEFT MEASURING 1X1 CM EACH
NO ACTIVE DISCHARGE
FLOOR -GRANULATION TISSUE,NO SLOUGH
EDGE SLOPING EDGES NO SURROUNDING INDURATION MARGINS -BLACKISH
ADVICED -TO MAINTAIN HYGEINE AND KEEP THE AREA DRY OINT T BACT FOR LA
NEOSPORIN POWDER FOR LA FREQUENT POSITION CHANGE AIR BED

29/09/22-
ENT REFERRAL WAS TAKEN I/V/O DYSPHONIA REFRAL NOTES-
O/E OF ORAL CAVITY- MUCOSA PALE TONGUE IS COATED
OROPHARYNX-BL GRADE 2 TONSILLAR HYPERTROPHY ,NO CONGESTION NECK-TRACHEA CENTRAL
LARYNGEAL FRAMEWORK NORMAL LARYNGEAL CREPITUS+
NOSE-
EXTERNAL FRAMEWORK NORMAL CAUDAL DISLOCATION-LEFT ANTERIOS MILD DNS -RIGHT
 

B/L NASAL MUCOSA -PALE TURBINATES AND FLOOR -NORMAL ROOMY NASAL CAVITIES
OE EAR-
B/L TYMPANIC MEMBRANE INTACT .,COL+ DIAGNOSIS-DYSPHAGIA UNDER EVALUATION NO ACTIVE ENT INTERVENTION
30/09/22-
REVIEW NEPHRO REFERAL-
USG KUB SHOWING BULKY LT KIDNEY WITH ALTERED ECHOTEXTURE ADVICED TAB AUGMENTIN
TAB PAN 40 MG OD TAB DOLO 650 MG TID 4/10/22-
DVL REFERAL I/V/O HYPERPIGMENTED MACULES NOTED OVER CHEEKS AND FOREHEAD
,NOSE ,CHIN EAR LOBULE ,RETROAURICULAR REGION [CONCHA SPARED], BOTH FOREARMS,BACK,UPPER CHEST
ORAL CAVITY- N
MULTIPLE HYPERPIGMENTED MACULES NOTED OVER BOTH THE PALMS DIAGNOSIS -POST INFLAMMATORY HYPERPIGMENTATION
ADVICED -CEBHYDRA LOTION LA/BD
REVIEW ENT REFERAL I/V/O DYSPHONIA [13/10/22]
ADVICED TO CONTINUE MEDICATION AS ADVICED BY PHYSICIAN WAIT AND WATCH
FOLLOWED BY SPEECH THERAPY


01/10/2022-
20 F WITH ANASRCA BL PEDAL EDEMA ,PLEURAL EFFUSION ,AND PERICARDIAL EFFUSION - RESOLVING
+RASH HEALED +FEVER
SKIN- HEALED RASHES +PAINLESS EMBOLI LIKE LESIONS [JANEWAY LESIONS] PT APPEARS COMFORTABLE
FEVER SPIKES PERSIST -FEVER CHART ANALYSIS-SEPTIC PTTERN ACTION TREMOR+B/L
 

REDUCTION IN TACHYCARDIA[HR 148->112] LIDLAG
HEALING BEDSORE ON BACK [BUTTOCK AREA]


ON 02/10/22-
ANA PROFILE -ANTI dsDNA +++
ANTI HISTONE ,ANTINUCLEOSOME,ANTI KU AG++
MRI BRAIN- MULTIPLE HYPERINTENSITIES IN BRAIN PARENCHYMA F/S/O-VASCULITIS? USG ABDOMEN -MODERATE ASCITES

SLE DAI SCORE-30 POINTS S/O ACTIVE DISEASE


ON 3/10/22-
TACHYPNEA AND TACHYCARDIA SUBSIDED ACTION TREMOR DECREASED

0N 4/10/22
INJ UNFRACTIONATED HEPARIN 5000IU /IV/STAT
FOLLOWED BY INJ UNFRACTIONATED HEPARIN 5000 IU /SC/QID FOR 3 DAYS[GIVEN FOR 3 DAYS [TILL 6//10/22]]
TAB WARFARIN 5MG /PO/OD IS STARTED


TAB LASIX 40MG PO/BD STARTED ON 12/10/22


BLOOD TRANSFUSION WAS DONE ON 13/10/22
ONE PINT OF A+VE BLOOD WAS TRANSFUSED AFTER DOING THE BLOOD GROUPING AND TYPING AND CROSS MATCHING
TRANSFUSION STARTED AT 7;30 PM AND WAS COMPLETED BY 11;20 PM
HALF AND HOURLY MONITORING OF VITALS WAS DONE DURING THE PROCESS OF TRANSFUSION
PRE TRANSFUSION VITALS AND POST TRANSFUSION VITALS WERE MONITORED,PT WAS STABLE AND NO CHILLS,RIGORS,FEVER,MYALGIA DURING THE TRANSFUSION
 

Investigation
USG IMPRESSION[28/09/2022] MODERATE PERICARDIAL EFFUSION BILATERAL PLEURAL EFFUSION GROSS ASCITES

MRI BRAIN PLAIN WITH CSPINE SCREENING[ON 3/10/22] IMPRESSION-
DIFFUSE CEREBRAL AND CEREBELLAR ATROPHY
MULTIPLE SMALL ACUTE INFARCTS IN BOTH CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES-EMBOLIC SCREENING OF CERVICAL AND DORSAL SPINE APPEARS NORMAL
Treatment Given(Enter only Generic Name)
1] INJ AUGUMENTIN 1.2 GM IV/BD FOR 2 DAYS
2] INJ LASIX 40 MG IV/BD FOR 9 DAYS
3] NEB WITH DUOLIN BUDECORT
4] INJ NEOMOL 1GM IV/SOS
5] TAB AZITHROMYCIN 500 MG PO/OD FOR 2 DAYS
6] BETADINE GARGLES /TID
7] INJ DERIPHYLLINE 100 MG IV /BD FOR 7 DAYS
8] TAB PREDNISOLONE 50 MG PO/BD FOR 3 DAYS[STARTED ON 29/9/22 TO 1/10/22] TAB PREDNISOLONE 30 MG PO/BD FOR 1 DAY[STARTED ON 2/10/22 ]
TAB PREDNISOLONE 20 MG PO/BD FOR 11 DAYS[STARTED ON 3/10/22 ] 9]INJ PAN 40 MG IV/OD
10] INJ CEFTRIOXONE 1 GM IV/BD FOR 7 DAYS
11] INJ TRAMADOL 1 AMP IN 100 ML NA/IV/BD
12] INJ METHYL PREDNISOLONE 750 MG IN 100 ML NS/IV /OD FOR 3 DAYS[2/10/22 TO 4/10/22]
13] TAB HCQ 200 MG PO/OD[STARTED ON 2/10/22]
14] TAB DOLO 650 MG PO/TID
15] OINT T BACT FOR LA /BD
16] NEOSPORIN POWDER FOR LA
17] TAB AZORAN 50 MG PO/BD
18] SYP DULPHALAC 15 ML PO/TID
19] INJ UNFRATIONATED HEPARIN 5000 IU/SC/QID FOR 3 DAYS
20] TAB WARFARIN 5MG /PO/OD
 

21] CEBHYDRA LOTION LA /BD
Advice at Discharge
1] TAB HCQ 200 MG PER ORAL ONCE DAILY
2] TAB PREDNISOLONE 20 MG PER ORAL TWICE DAILY
3] TAB AZORAN 50 MG PER ORAL TWICE DAILY
4] TAB LASIX 40 MG PER ORAL TWICE DAILY
5] SYP SUCRALFATE 10 MLTHRICE DAILY
6] SYP DULPHLAC 15 ML PER ORAL THRICE DAILY
7] OINT TBACT LOCAL APPLICATION TWICE DAILY
8] CEBHYDRA LOTION LOCAL APPLICATION TWICE DAILY
9] NEOSPORIN LOCAL APPLICATION
Follow Up
REVIEW TO GM OPD ON TUESDAYS OR SOS
When to Obtain Urgent Care
IN CASE OF ANY EMERGENCY IMMEDIATELY CONTACT YOUR CONSULTANT DOCTOR OR ATTEND EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT.
Preventive Care
AVOID SELF MEDICATION WITHOUT DOCTORS ADVICE,DONOT MISS MEDICATIONS. In case
of Emergency or to speak to your treating FACULTY or For Appointments, Please Contact: For Treatment Enquiries Patient/Attendent Declaration : - The medicines prescribed and the advice regarding preventive aspects of care ,when and how to obtain urgent care have been explained to me in my own language
SIGNATURE OF PATIENT /ATTENDER SIGNATURE OF PG/INTERNEE SIGNATURE OF ADMINISTRATOR SIGNATURE OF FACULTY
Discharge Date Date:13/10/2022 Ward:AMC Unit:GM 2



Friday, July 26, 2024

UDLCO: Optimizing academia industry (education and practice) "Letters of recommendation, LORs"

 UDLCO summary:


How students are represented by their trainers does have an impact on their subsequent trainers in deciding as to who should be hired as trainees into their training program. There is a global industry that tries to create fake representations for students in the form of exceptionally highlighting qualities that the students may not possess and many teachers who cannot possibly connect personally with 200 students in a batch (as at a given time with 5 active batches that would mean 1000 students to personally interact with),  simply sign whatever is dished out to them as a draft. 
In an attempt to optimise this current decadent practice that does have pluses if done well, we tried to stream line the LOR process in an evidence based manner displaying the student's work with us locally, in the form of an online learning portfolio aka dynamic E log (as termed by NMC) to his her future global director/hirer/employer.

More about the NMC dynamic E log here:





UDLCO transcripts:


21/07, 04:07] Intern and past UG student: 

Hello Sir,
Good morning, hope you are doing fine.Can I have a letter of recommendation from you for the Internal Medicine  residency application in United States in  September 2024.It would be of great help if possible.
Thank you.


[21/07, 13:12] Professor: Here's how our LOR looks like ๐Ÿ‘‡


We provide a link to your online learning portfolio in the lor so that the program director can also assess it


[22/07, 03:56] Intern and past UG student: Yes sir it will be a unique approach and will also be having credibility.Can I provide you with a draft of the letter  so that I can submit in the office  after your signature.


[22/07, 07:52] Professor: 

Please text me your draft

[22/07, 09:07] Intern and past UG student: 

Yes Sir I will text you.

Thank you !!!


[25/07, 07:11] Intern and past UG student: 

Dear Programme Director,

I am pleased to wholeheartedly recommend Dr...for admission to your esteemed program. 

Our institution offers a comprehensive medical education, encompassing undergraduate, graduate, and global elective programs. Dr...has been an integral part of our department since his second year of General Medicine rotations. 

His consistent engagement and exceptional performance have been meticulously documented in our department's online learning portfolio, accessible at [https://medicinedepartment.blogspot.com/2022/02/?m=0].

Dr...consistently ranks within the top 25% of his cohort of 2017 batch in our personal assessments. His abilities as a clinician are evident in both inpatient and outpatient settings, where he has excelled during his rotations and internship. His strong clinical acumen, coupled with his dedication to patient care, make him an exceptional candidate for your program.
I am confident that Dr... will continue to thrive in a challenging academic environment and make significant contributions to your institution.
Please do not hesitate to contact me if you require any further information.


[25/07, 07:14] Intern and past UG student: 

Hello Sir 
I have sent the draft.
If needed I will send it in the form of document or PDF.

Thank you Sir.

[25/07, 08:35] Professor: Here are my edits below to what you shared and I had to delete a few statements you used because we can make those statements only for a few students in the top 1% in our assessment, who have particularly worked with us and created impact locally as well as globally through their publications with our team. 

Check out my edits below to what you shared ๐Ÿ‘‡

Dear Programme Director,

Dear Program Director, I am pleased to write a letter of reference for Dr...in his application for your program.


I am currently a full Professor in the Department of General Medicine at the Institute of Medical Sciences, from where Dr...trained as an undergraduate 
and other than a graduate residency training and undergraduate program, we also host a patient centred, global elective learning program.

Our department has known Dr..., since his second year General Medicine rotations, and he has interacted with us ever since in his group and most of his verbal
and non verbal interactions can be accessed from his online learning portfolio in our departmental (entry year wise) dashboard
here: at [https://medicinedepartment.blogspot.com/2022/02/?m=0], with comparable performances of his group members accessible from the same platform, where his performance in our
personal assessment ranks at the top 25% of his batch.

Our department can strongly attest to most of our students’ abilities as we've had the opportunity to oversee them in both the In-patient and Out-patient setting and work with them during their
internship.

We wish him well in this new learning journey in your own institutional program.




Sunday, July 21, 2024

Project y26narketpally50n acid base dyselectrolytemia clinical complexity outcomes case1 thematic analysis

Project and case 1 summary:

More details about the project from the PI here: https://shiva-sai-nagendra.blogspot.com/2024/01/acid-base-disorders-in-critically-ill.html?m=1
CASE 1 

From a PRESENTATION
BY
Dr.Narsimha Reddy
FINAL YEAR POSTGRADUATE  
DEPT OF GENERAL MEDICINE in an integrated session on 17/07/2024

75 year old male was brought to casuality on 27/06/2024 with complaints of
Loose stools since 2 days
Altered sensorium since 2 days

HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS
Patient was apparently asymptomatic 2 days ago then he developed
 loose stools 4 episodes , large quantity ,watery in consistency , non mucoid, non blood tinged , non foul smelling.
Then he developed altered sensorium.
No history of nausea ,vomiting, pain abdomen.
No history of fever , headache .  
No history of chest pain , palpitations , orthopnea ,PND.
No history of shortness of breath ,cough ,cold.
PAST HISTORY

No history of similar complaints in the past.
K/C/O HYPERTENSION  since 5 years and on  tab TELMISARTAN 40 mg, tab METOPROLOL 50 mg .
K/C/O DIABETES MELLITUS  since 5 years and on tab GLIMEPIRIDE 2mg , tab METFORMIN 500 mg
No history of  Asthma, tuberculosis ,coronary artery disease , cerebrovascular accident.




Appetite - Decreased
Diet –Mixed
Bowel – Increased bowel movements
Bladder - Normal
 Sleep - Adequate
Addictions –Nil
No known allergies 

GENERAL EXAMINATION
Patient is drowsy but arousable.
GCS- E2V2M4
Moderately built and moderately nourished
JVP-not raised
Dry tongue , Reduced Skin Turgor .
No  pallor , icterus, cyanosis, clubbing, pedal edema and  lymphadenopathy.





Vitals on the day of admission
Temp - 98.6°F 
PR -135 bpm 
Bp - 110/70 mmHg measured in left arm in supine position
RR- 28 cpm
SPO2 - 99% at room air



SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Handedness – Right handed
Higher Mental Functions – couldn’t be elicited
Pupils –  Bilaterally normal in size and  reactive to light
Corneal reflex – present
Conjunctival reflex – present
Gag reflex - present
Jaw jerk - absent
Other cranial nerves couldn’t elicited





MOTOR SYSTEM:
                             RIGHT             LEFT  
    Bulk  - UL       normal              normal
                LL        normal              normal
    Tone - UL        normal              normal
                LL        normal              normal
     


POWER                       RIGHT     LEFT
                    UL        couldn’t be elicited
                    LL         couldn’t be elicited  
REFLEXS      biceps           2+        2+  
                     triceps          2+        2+
                     supinator     2+        2+
                     knee             2+        2+                  
                     Ankle            2+        2+
                     plantars      flexor    flexor

Sensory sysyem  - Couldn’t Be Elicited
Cerebellar signs - Couldn’t Be Elicited
No Signs Of Meningeal Irritation
Examination Of Spine And Cranium Normal
No Thickened Peripheral Nerves  
No Carotid Bruit Heard


RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Chest – elliptical in shape .
Trachea – central.
Chest expansion – bilaterally equal expansion .
Auscultation – bilaterally  normal vesicular breath sounds heard , no added sounds.


CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
 
Apex beat is felt in left 5th intercostal space half inch medial to  mid clavicular line
S1,S2 heard.
No murmurs



  GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM
Per Abdomen –Scaphoid In Shape
                         Soft
                         No Organomegaly
                         Bowel Sounds Heard

PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS
ALTERED SENSORIUM SECONDARY TO ? DYSELECTROLYTEMIA
INVESTIGATIONS on the day of admission
 


                              CHEST XRAY
                                 ECG
                                   2D ECHO
USG ABDOMEN AND PELVIS
FINAL DIAGNOSIS

TYPE 1 RESPIRATORY FAILURE
CARDIOGENIC SHOCK WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION WITH FAST VENTRICULAR RATE SECONDARY TO CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE.
SEPTIC SHOCK SECONDARY TO ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS
ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY SECONDARY TO GASTROENTERITIS
HYPONATREMIA SECONADRY TO  GASTROINTESTINAL LOSS
CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE
HYPERTENSION
TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
GRADE 2 BED SORE

                                   DAY - 1
A 75 Yr Old Male With History Of Hypertension And Diabetes  Mellitus Since 5 Years , Came To Casualty With Complaints Of 4 Epsiodes Of Loose Stools, Altered Sensorium Since 2 Days . On Initial Evaluation
Ecg Showed - Atrial Fibrillation With Fast Ventricular Rate For Which 1mg Metoprolol Iv/Stat Was Given And Rate Was Controlled.
Ryles  Tube Was Placed And Started On RT Feeds - 100ml Milk 4th Hrly , 100 Ml Water 2nd Hrly.
Serum Electrolytes Showed - Sodium-126,potassium-4.2,chloride-83 Serum Osmolality-257  , spot Urinary electrolytes- Na:174, K :29.2 , Cl : 129  ,So Patient  Was Started On 0.9 %Nacl Infusion.
Hemogram showed- Hb-12, TLC-15,400 ,(N/L/E/M/B-87/06/00/07/00) , Plt-1.69.patient was started on INJ CEFTRIAXONE 1GM  IV/BD

                                  DAY 2
 GCS was E3V3M5,
 0.9 % NS  infusion continued  as serum electrolytes report showed Na:126meq/L , K: 4.2meq/L , Cl : 83meq/L.
 2D ECHO SHOWED RWMA , LAD TERRITORY Hypokinesia , EF= 51%, Fair LV systolic function.
 ECG changes of ATRIAL FIBRILLATION WITH FAST VENTRICULAR RATE Was Persistent And Was Started On  AMIODARONE INFUSION 1mg/min for 6hrs followed by 0.5mg/min for 18 hrs AND ANTI COAGULANTS.
I/v/o Hypotension patient was started on INOTROPE support .
Repeat serum electrolytes showed : Na:117 meq/l , K : 4.3meq/l , Cl: 91meq/l was started on 3% NS INFUSION .

                                   DAY 3
Serum electrolytes report showed Na : 132meq , K:3.8 , Cl :99 meq . 3% NS infusion stopped.
 GCS improved to E4V5M6.
Hemogram showed : Hb:12.4gm% , TLC:18,400 cell/cumm , Plt :2.3lakhs so antibiotic was escalated to Inj PIPTAZ 2.25gms IV/QID.
ABG showed PH: 7.36 , Pco2:12 , Po2: 93.5, HCO3: 6.7 so 50meq of sodium bicarbonate was given .
 I/V/O Persistent ATRIAL FIBRILLATION WITH FAST VENTRICULAR RATE  AND HYPOTENSION , CARDIOLOGIST advice was taken , STARTED ON  DIGOXIN,  AMIADARONE, DILTIAZEM  tablets  and INOTROPES  .
INJ LASIX 40MG was given i/v/o decreased urine output
 AT 8PM GCS  dropped to E4V2M6 and serum electrolytes report showed : Na :126meq/l , K ;4.2 meq/l ,Cl : 98 meq/l so, 3% NS was started .
                                   DAY -4
 GCS-E4V2M6.
Serum electrolytes report showed Na: 127meq/l , K: 3.8 meq/l , Cl : 98meq/l . So 3% NS was continued.  
I/V/O  persistent hypotension , central line was placed and started on dual inotropic support as advised by cardiologist.
Repeat serum electrolytes showed Na : 122meq/l , K : 3.4meq/l , Cl: 98meq/l , so TOLVAPTAN was started.
Patient developed Grade II Bedsore on Bilateral Gluteal Region and surgery opinion was taken and managed accordingly.

                                  DAY -5
 GCS- E4V2M6
Serum electrolytes report showed Na: 122meq/l , K: 3.5meq/l , Cl: 97meq/l .
 ON CNS EXAMINATION RIGHT PLANTAR WERE MUTE , LEFT PLANTAR WERE FLEXOR AND MRI BRAIN was done and showed DIFFUSE CREBRAL ATOPHY .
I/V/O  ATRIAL FIBRILLATION WITH CONTROLLED VENTRICULAR RATE AND PERSISTENT HYPOTENSION, CARDILOGIST review was taken and advised to stop DILTIAZEM, DIGOXIN AND NOR ADRENALINE and was started on VASOPRESSIN.
                                   DAY 6
GCS –E3V2M6 .
Serum electrolytes report showed Na: 130meq/l , K: 3.1meq/l , Cl: 102 meq/l so syp POTKLOR was started.
24HR Urinary Electrolytes report showed : Na : 152 , K: 12 ,Cl : 390.
 REVIEW 2D ECHO SHOWED D SHAPED LV, PARADOXICAL MS, EF:53% FAIR LV FAIR LV SYSTOLIC FUNCTION AND GRADE 1 DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION.
                                   DAY 7
 GCS –E3V2M5 .
Serum electrolytes report showed Na: 129meq/l , K: 3.0meq/l , Cl: 101 meq/l.
Patient was  still drowsy and ATRIAL FIBRILLATION WITH FAST VENTRICULAR RATE AND HYPOTENSION still persistent
                                  DAY 8 -9
On day -8 the condition of the patient was still same and serum electrolytes report showed : Na: 131meq/l , K : 3.6meq/l , Cl : 101meq/l .
On day -9 the condition of the patient was still same and serum electrolytes report showed : Na: 138meq/l , K :4.4 meq/l , Cl :102 meq/l .
Patient developed sudden bradycardia fall in saturation, emergency intubation was done and cpr was initiated simultaneously. despite all the effort the patient could not be revived and was declared dead as ecg showed Isoelectric line on 06.07.24 at 9:20am
                              HEMOGRAM
                                      RFT
                                      RFT

URINARY ELECTROLYTES [SPOT]
URINARY ELECTROLYTES [24 HOUR]
ABG

                                      LFT

                          CULTURE AND SENSITIVITY REPORTS

UDLCO PaJR CBBLE team based learning:

[17/07, 08:50] moderator: What do you mean power couldn't be elicited? Wasn't he moving his limbs even in his altered sensorium state?

Also what do you write in CNS examination for altered sensorium? Hmf couldn't be elicited?




[17/07, 08:46] : Where's the ABG on 27/6/24 in this chart? Why not included that? How do you explain the presence of  metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis and metabolic alkalosis in it? Have you checked the delta gap?


[17/07, 08:48] : What do you mean power couldn't be elicited? Wasn't he moving his limbs even in his altered sensorium state?

Also what do you write in CNS examination for altered sensorium? Hmf couldn't be elicited?


[17/07, 08:49]: How did we gain by testing the urinary electrolytes?


 [17/07, 09:06] : Sir Can't it be Respiratory alkalosis due to Increased RR & Compensated by Metabolic Acidosis?



[17/07, 09:07] : I mean We can't Elicit for Power with Resistance Sir


[17/07, 09:14] moderator: Is the metabolic acidosis compensation adequate? If not why? What generally happens in similar respiratory alkalosis patients?


[17/07, 09:15] moderator: But at least against gravity power was noted?


[17/07, 09:36]: For every Drop in Pco2 by 10 Hco3 drops by 2 in Acute & 4 in Chronic Sir ......But here Bicarb drop is More Sir


[17/07, 09:37]: Change in Anion Gap is 17 Sir & Change in Bicarb is 19 Sir


[17/07, 09:38] : Indicating the presence of Normal AG Metabolic Acidosis Sir

17/07, 09:40] moderator: How do we explain that?

[17/07, 09:39] : Yes Sir ....He was able to move against gravity

[17/07, 09:40] moderator: So automatically in your assessment you can document grade 3 power was at least present?
[17/07, 11:02] Rakesh Biswas: [17/07, 09:40] moderator: How do we explain that?


[17/07, 09:43] : Can't we explain that with Diarrhoea he had Sir ??


[17/07, 09:45] : Or there can be chance of RTA /Adrenal Insufficiency also Sir ??


[17/07, 10:07] moderator: Review the ABG diarrhoea thesis from narketpally here ๐Ÿ‘‡

https://2018-21batchpgy3gmpracticals.blogspot.com/2021/08/18100006004-thesis.html?m=1

And let me know if your patient's sequence of events has been described in all the patients of diarrhoea logged in the 2019-21 thesis.



[17/07, 10:10]t: I guess we had another thesis on bicarb supplementation on acidosis as well



[17/07, 10:24] CBBLE: Yes can find it here๐Ÿ‘‡

https://medicinedepartment.blogspot.com/2022/05/links-to-ug-and-pg-university-exam.html?m=0

Friday, July 19, 2024

Project y26narketpally50n hypokalemia outcomes case 1

Summary: The first case report in this project is documented below for thematic analysis (as in our previous y24Narketpally50n project cases linked earlier and below) and the case was also recently presented in the mortality meeting last week. More about the project by the PI here:https://adimolamakash.blogspot.com/2024/01/dr.html?m=1


As with many of our projects we are only able to access the case data after the current EMR processes the discharge summary, in this case the death summary.

Previous medicine department project case based reasoning and thematic analysis using Meta AI outcomes:


Hypokalemia project case report 1:

Age/Gender : 70 Years/Male
Address :
Discharge Type: Expired
Admission Date: 25/06/2024 01:47 PM Death Date: 26/06/2024 02:30 PM

Diagnosis
TYPE 2 RESPIRATORY FAILURE ON MECHANICAL VENTILATION
REFRACTORY HYPOTENSION
REFRACTORY HYPOKALEMIA
SEPTIC SHOCK WITH MULTI ORGAN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME SECONDARY TO LEFT
LOWER LIMB CELLULITIS

Case History and Clinical Findings
C/O SWELLING IN LEFT LOWER LIMB SINCE 2 DAYS
PATIENT WAS APPARENTLY ASYMPTOMATIC 2 DAYS BACK THEN HE DEVELOPED
SWELLING IN LEFT LOWER LIMB WHICH IS INSIDIOUS IN ONSET,GRADUALLY PROGESSIVE
TO PRESENT SIZE
H/O TRAUMA 3 DAYS BACK
H/O FEVER SINCE 3 DAYS
NO H/O BURNING MICTURATION , CONSTIPATION
WEAKNESS OF LIMBS ALL 4 LIMBS SINCE MORNING

K/C/O CKD ( ON CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT )

NORMAL APETITE,MIXED DIET
REGULAR BOWEL AND BLADDER MOVEMENTS

H/O ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION SINCE 30 YEARS AND STOPPED YEAR BACK
H/O SMOKING SINCE 30 YEARS

ON GENERAL EXAMINATION :

NO PALLOR,ICTERUS,CYANOSIS,CLUBBING,EDEMA
VITALS: TEMP : 99.5 F
PR : 110BPM
RR : 16CPM
BP: 80/60MMHG
SPO2 99%
GRBS 113MG/DL

SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION :

CVS: S1 S2 HEARD ,NO THRILLS, NO MURMURS
RS : NVBS HEARD , NO WHEEZE
PA: NO TENDERNESS , NO PALPABLE MASS , NO ORGANOMEGALY
CNS :CONSCIOUS, NORMAL SPEECH , NFND
SENSORY SYSTEM INTACT
MOTOR SYSTEM :
TONE : HYPOTONIA
POWER : U/L : 2/5
L/L : 2/5
REFLEXES : AREFLEXIA IN ALL 4LIMBS
PUPILS : B/L SLUGGISH REACTIVE

THIS IS CASE OF 70 YEAR 0LD MALE FARMER BY OCCUPATION , CHRONIC ALCHOLIC AND
SMOKER K/C/O CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PRESENTED TO CASUALITY WITH Complaints of WEAKNESS OF BOTH UPPER AND LOWER LIMBS , BREATHLESSNESS AND DECREASED
URINE OUTPUT. PATIENT HAD HISTORY OF THORN PRICK 4 DAYS DAY TO LATERAL
ASPECT OF LEFT LEG ABOVE ANKLE FOLLOWED BY WHICH PATIENT HAD HIGH Grade 
FEVER WITH CHILLS AND PAIN AND SWELLING OF LEFT LEG.

ON ADMISSION VITALS: TEMP :
99.5 F,PR : 110BPM,RR : 16CPM,BP: 80/60MMHG,SPO2 99%,GRBS 113MG/DL .

CASE WAS
ADMITTED UNDER DEPT OF GENERAL SURGERY . 

ABG WAS SENT WHICH SHOWED
SEVERE ACIDOSIS. ABG :PH :6.9,Pco2 : 72.3,PO2 : 59.0,HCO3 : 13.5 ; 

O/E AREFLEXIA WAS
NOTED ON FOUR LIMBS. CASE WAS TAKEN OVER BY DEPT GENERAL MEDICINE I/V/O
HEMODYNAMIC INSTABILITY. IMMEDIATE FLUID RESUSITATION WAS DONE WITH 0.95% NS
1500ML IN FIRST 2 HOURS , 100MEQ NAHCO3 CORRECTION WAS GIVEN.INVESTIGATION
WERE SENT AND POTASSIUM SUPPLEMENTATION WAS STARTED WITH 40MEQ IN 500ML
O.9% NS . 
CASE WAS SHIFTED TO ICU FOR FURTHER MANAGEMENT.HEMOGRAM SHOWED
LEUCOCYTOSIS AND BIOCHEMICAL TESTS SHOWED RAISED RENAL PARAMETERS .
PATIENT WAS STARTED ON EMPERICAL BROAD SPECTRUM ANTIBIOTICS AFTER SENDING
BLOOD AND URINE CULTURES. MGSO4 DRESSING OF LEFT LOWER LIMB WAS DONE .
SERUM POTASSIUM WAS FOUND TO BE 2 AND POTASSIUM SUPPLEMENTATION WAS
CONTINUED .BUT WEAKNESS OF PATIENT WAS FURTHER WORSENED WITH Progressing
RESPIRATORY DISTRESS. AS BP WAS NOT IMPROVING INSPITE OF ADEQUATE FLUIDS
,INOTROPIC SUPPORT WITH WAS STARTED. ABG WAS SENT WHICH SHOWED TYPE 2
RESPIRATORY FAILURE WITH PH 6.9 ,HCO3 13.5 ,PCO2 72.3;PO2 59 . PATIENT GRADUALLY
STARTED BECOMING DROWSY FURTHER AND THE NEED OF INTUBATION WAS
CONSIDERED AND ELECTIVE INTUBATION WAS DONE WITH ET TUBE NO 7 AND POSITION
WAS CONFIRMED WITH MIST IN ET TUBE AND 5 POINT AUSCULTATION AND CONNECTED
TO MECHANICAL VENTILATION . AT 11 30 AM PATIENT DEVELOPED SUDDEN CARDIAC
ARREST WITH NON RECORDABLE BP AND PR , 2CYCLES OF CPR WAS DONR AFTER WHICH
RETURN OF SPONTAN
EOUS CIRCULATION WAS ACHIEVED AT Around 1 45 PM BP AND PR WAS NON
RECORDABLE AND CPR WAS INITIATED ACCORDING TO LATEST ACLS GUIDELINES AND
CONTINUED FOR 30 MINUTES . INSPITE Of Above Resuscitative EFFORTS PATIENT
Could Not BE REVIVED AND DECLARED DEAD AT 2:30PM ON 26/6/24 WITH ECG SHOWING
ISOELECTRIC LINE.
IMMEDIATE CAUSE OF DEATH : TYPE 2 RESPIRATORY FAILURE , REFRACTORY
HYPOTENSION ,REFRACTORY HYPOKALEMIA
ANTECEDENT CAUSE OF DEATH : SEPTIC SHOCK WITH MULTI ORGAN DYSFUNCTION
SECONDARY TO LEFT LOWELIMB CELLULITIS

Investigation
SEROLOGY : NEGATIVE
CBP : HB: 13.9
TLC : 22,000
PLT COUNT: 1.42
BLOOD GROUP : A NEGATIVE
BT : 2 MIN 00 SEC
CT : 4 MIN 30 SEC
CUE :
COLOUR : PALE YELLOW
ALBUMIN : 3+
SUGAR, BILE SALTS,BILE PIGMENTS : NIL
PUS CELLS : 4 TO 5
EPITHELIAL CELLS : 2 TO 4
PROTHROMBIN TIME : 17 SEC
INR : 1.25
APTT : 35 SEC
RBS : 81 MG/DL
LFT :
TB : 1.15
DB : O.30
SGOT : 22
SGPT : 20
ALP : 177
TP : 5.3
ALB: 2.8
A/G :1.18
RFT
UREA : 128 MG/DL
CREAT : 3.7 MG /DL
URIC ACID : 8.8
SODIUM : 132
POTASSIUM :2.O
CHLORIDE : 102

ABG :
PH :6.9
Pco2 : 72.3
PO2 : 59.0
HCO3 : 13.5
BLOOD LACTATE : 15 MG/DL
SR MAGNESIUM : 1.9 MG/DL
USG : GRADE 1 RPD CHANGES IN RIGHT KIDNEY
GRADE 2 RPD CHANGES IN LEFT KIDNEY


Treatment Given(Enter only Generic Name)
1. RYLES FEED MILK 50ML 4TH HOURLY AND WATER 50ML 2ND HOURLY
2. INJ KCL 40 MEQ IN 50OML NS /IV /5HOURS
3. INJ OPTINEURON 1 AMP IN 100ML NS/IV/OD 2 PM
4. INJ MEROPENEM 500MG IV/BD
5.INJ PAN 40 MG IV/OD 8 AM
6. INJ MGSO4 1 AMP IN 100ML NS/IV /STAT
7. TAB PCM 650MG RT/SOS
8. MGSO4 DRESSING OF LEFT LOWER LIMB AND ELEVATION
9. POSITION CHANGE 2ND HOURLY
10.ORAL AND ET SUCTIONING 2ND HOURLY
11. VITALS MONITORING , I/O CHARTING HOURLY
12. INJ NORAD 2 AMP IN 46 ML NS @ 5ML/HR INCREASE OR DECREASE TO MAINTAIN MAP
>65MMHG
13. INJ PIPTAZ 4.5 GM /IV/STAT
14. INJ CLINDAMYCIN 600MG IV/TID
15. INJ SODIUM BICARBONATE 100MEQ IV/SLOWLY OVER 20 MINUTES
16. TAB SPIRONOLACTONE 50MG PO/BD
Death Date
Date:26/6/24
Ward:ICU
Unit:2
Faculty Signature
SIGNATURE OF PATIENT /ATTENDER :
SIGNATURE OF PG/INTERNEE:

Discussion dyadic:

[05/07, 16:38] : Hypokalemia theme points:

Hypokalemia in renal failure patient is challenging as renal failure can cause hyperkalemia and dose titration needs to be very meticulous

His type 2 respiratory failure was also due to hypokalemic paralysis?

[05/07, 16:41] : Need to know how much potassium ultimately went into the patient and what was the repeat potassium result

[05/07, 17:01] Pushed Communicator 1N22: His respiratory failure was due to hypokalemia only sir

[05/07, 17:01] Pushed Communicator 1N22: Almost 200 meq k was given in total

[05/07, 17:02] Pushed Communicator 1N22: Starting k was 2 meq and we repeated k every 6 hourly and it remained 2 till the last